9,12,13,54,80-82 Dental hygienists have the potential to be the driving force behind patient education on tobacco, smoking and vaping products, including ENDS
Proportions of Fusobacteriaceae family increased, Bifidobacteria and members of the Faecalibacterium taxon appeared to be compromised in gut microbiota of UC patients [146, 147], and further study suggested the reduced abundance of Bifidobacteria as a microbial biomarker to identify the intestinal dysbiosis triggering UC [147]
The nicotine in cigarettes causes the blood vessels to shrink, reducing the amount of blood able to circulate
Non-smokers who are exposed to it are at risk for the same diseases as smokers, including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory issues